When I first started to think about what I would do for a brief history of... I thought that I would go back through all of my lecture notes and go through the lectures, so that I can find something I will be interested in, and something I can do my publication about.

Graphic Design, communication for the masses.

I started by finding things which I found interesting, and I picked out these slides from the, graphic design, a communication for the masses lecture, as they are quite shocking advertisements. They are used to get peoples attention with the chock factor, and allows the message to stay in your mind as you remember the shock of the advert. This is why I think I will look into creative advertising.

I then found some creative CD limited edition packaging, as I am very interested in packaging I think that this would be a good starting point to my brief.

http://www.creativereview.co.uk/cr-blog/2008/april/spiritualized-and-farrow-made-for-each-other

Spiritualized's Jason Pierce cut several minutes off his album Ladies and gentlemen we are floating in space just so that the running time looked better typographically on the packaging. His partnership with designer Mark Farrow has produced some of the finest sleeve design of recent times. CR interviewed the pair of them on the eve of the release of Spiritualized's new album.

When looking further into the information about the limited edition CD packaging, I found the meaning behind the pill packaging for a CD, and there was a feature poster on the inside of the album with needles on it, this is following with the theme, songs in A&E.

More designs by Farrow;

http://www.farrowdesign.com/_blog/Blog?Category=New

Tennant/Lowe The Most Incredible Thing

Packaging for the score to Neil Tennant and Chris Lowe’s ballet 'The Most Incredible Thing' which recently completed its run at Sadler's Wells in London. The ballet is based on a Hans Christian Andersen short story and the cover is based on one of Andersen's paper-cut illustrations.

http://www.farrowdesign.com/_blog/Blog?Category=New

Another piece of packaging design by Farrow is for this clock. What makes this design so effective is the limited colour and the simplicity of the design, it creates a clean and clear effect with reflects the product inside.

Creative Packaging;
After looking into Farrow's CD packaging designs, I thought that I would look further into creative packaging design.

http://www.boredpanda.com/new-condoms-gabrielle-wee/

I found these comical designs for condoms, they are talking logos and slogans that already exist and simply by applying them to a different product or concept it creates humour, therefore would be more appealing to the target audience.

http://www.boredpanda.com/creative-product-packaging-part2/

Corinne Pant designed the packaging for these headphones, they are playing with the idea of listening to music, and reading music, by making the headphones look like a note. Having this packaging for the headphones will allow customers to look at a selection and be more drawn towards buying this product over the others because of the packaging design as it is more creative.

http://www.boredpanda.com/creative-product-packaging-part2/

I found this bag design by Kempertrautmann, using coloured lace to look like the bags were being held up by shoelaces, having limited colours allows the shoeslaces to stand out more, it also makes the design more creative.

http://www.boredpanda.com/creative-product-packaging-part2/

This was designed by Terence Kitching at At Pace design and Communication. The packaging illustrations of the bees on this packaging is what makes it so effective. Although there are a lot of bees, the design is still quite simple, keeping a limited colour palette and a simply structured box for the packaging.

www.boredpanda.com

There is a lot of different designs for teabags, this is one designed by Soon Mo Kang, it is using a coat hanger and a rail, and showing the teabags as if that are teashirts. The teabag hangers work well as it allows the hanger to grip the cup so that you are able to dunk the teabag without having to use a spoon.

R.J. Reynolds

Everyone is aware that cigarettes are bad for you, although the packaging it currently has shocking pictures of what cigarettes can do to your body, but still noone takes any notice of them, and they still buy them. This is a more direct root to show people what will happen to them if they smoke, this is a good way to shock people into realising what they are doing to their bodies.

http://www.icanbecreative.com/175-creative-product-packaging-designs.html

This is playing with the idea that chocolate is like a drug. Having chocolate coming out of a tablets packets is a creative way of making chocolate humorous.

History of coca cola;

http://www.icanbecreative.com/175-creative-product-packaging-designs.html

http://www.icanbecreative.com/packaging-designs-for-inspiration.html

http://www.trulydeeply.com.au/madly/files/2009/11/CokeBottleEvolution.jpg

After having my crit with my group, I decided that I needed to focus more towards a particular brand or object and do how it has evolved. Therefore I started looking at what I could use and found coca cola, and how much the packaging has developed through time. Although a lot of the packaging is glass and plastic bottles therefore I wont be able to show people how they can create this, and I am also more interested by cartons, therefore I will look for a different brand or object.

http://bestdesignoptions.com/?p=21222

Creative CD Packaging;

http://bestdesignoptions.com/?p=21222

As my initial piece of creative packaging was for a CD, I thought that I would look further into CD cases and packaging design for them. Which lead me to this website where it showed many different CD packaging, some of which are more creative than others, but they are all very effective. The daily bread packaging is very clever in the way that each CD looks like a slice of toast and the case looks like a toaster, it works in the same way as a toaster too, so when you push the bit on the side the toast (CD) comes out of the top, this makes the CD more appealing as the packaging is creative and effective.

Looking further into different brands I could use for a brief history of, I found that cadburys design on the packaging has changed a lot through the years. I then thought about looking further into the brief history of cadburys and found that the history behind cadburys is very interesting, and I think it will be a very interesting subject to do a brief history of.

A brief history of cadburys;

Cadbury was founded almost 200 years ago. Delve into the fascinating history and you'll find a wealth of interesting facts on subjects including advertising, Cadbury family, past and present products and philanthropy.

http://adhistory.wikispaces.com/Cadbury

1824John Cadbury opened Bull Street shop

In 1824, John Cadbury opened a grocer’s shop at 93 Bull Street, Birmingham in the 1830's. Among other things, he sold cocoa and drinking chocolate, which he prepared himself using a pestle and mortar.

1831John Cadbury opens factory in Crooked Lane

The Cadbury manufacturing business was born in 1831, when John Cadbury decided to start producing on a commercial scale and bought a four-storey warehouse in nearby Crooked Lane.

1842The range expands

By 1842 John Cadbury was selling no less than 16 varieties of drinking chocolate and 11 different cocoas! The earliest preserved price list shows that you could buy drinking chocolate in the form of both pressed cakes and powder.

1847The business moves to Bridge Street

In 1847, the Cadbury brothers' booming business moved into a new, larger factory in Bridge Street in the centre of Birmingham.

1847Fry's Produce the First Chocolate Bar

18th century France produced pastilles (tablets) and bars. But it wasn’t until Bristol company Fry & Son made a ‘chocolate delicieux a manger’ in 1847 that the first bar of chocolate appeared, as we know it today.

1861Richard and George Cadbury take charge

John's health rapidly declined and he finally retired in 1861, handing over complete control of the business to his sons Richard and George. The brothers were just 25 and 21 when they took charge of the business.

1866An innovative processing technique is introduced The turning point for the Cadbury business was the introduction of a new processing technique, resulting in the 1866 launch of 'Cadbury Cocoa Essence', the UK's first unadulterated cocoa.

1875First Milk Chocolate Bar

In 1875, a Swiss manufacturer called Daniel Peter added milk to his recipe to make the first milk chocolate bar.

1875Cadbury makes their first Easter egg

The first Cadbury Easter egg was made in 1875. The earliest eggs were made with dark chocolate and had a smooth, plain surface. They were filled with sugar-coated chocolate drops known as 'dragees’. Later Easter eggs were decorated and had their plain shells enhanced with chocolate piping and marzipan flowers.

1878The Cadbury Brothers are inspired by their vision

When the Bridge Street factory became too small, George Cadbury had a new vision of the future. 'Why should an industrial area be squalid and depressing?’ he asked. His vision was shared by his brother Richard, and they began searching for a very special site for their new factory.

1879Bournville 'The Factory in a Garden' is born

Birmingham architect, George H. Gadd worked closely with George Cadbury to draw up plans for the factory. The first bricks were laid in January 1879 and 16 houses for foremen and senior employees were built on the site.

1893George Cadbury Adds Another 120 Acres to Bournville

George Cadbury had already created some houses for key workers when the Bournville factory was built. Then, in 1893, he bought another 120 acres near the works and started to build houses in line with the ideals of the embryonic Garden City movement.

1895George Cadbury Builds a Further 143 Cottages in Bournville George Cadbury decided not to go for tunnel-backs because it limited the amount of light in the houses. Instead he chose rectangular cottages, each one with a large garden. In 1895, 143 cottages were built on the land he had bought privately, a total of 140 acres.

1897Cadbury Milk Chocolate is Launched

When Cadbury started making Cocoa Essence they had lots of cocoa butter left over, so they used it to make bars of chocolate!

1900Early outdoor and press advertising

Cadbury produced some of the finest examples of posters and press advertisements during this period. A popular local artist, Cecil Aldin, was commissioned to illustrate for Cadbury. His evocative images featured in early magazine campaigns and graced poster sites all over the country.

1905Cadbury Dairy Milk is Launched

Swiss manufacturers were leading the field in milk chocolate, with much better products than their rivals. In 1904, George Cadbury Jnr was given the challenge to develop a milk chocolate bar with more milk than anything else on the market.

1905First Cadbury logo commissioned

In 1905 William Cadbury commissioned the first Cadbury logo. He was in Paris at the time and chose Georges Auriol to create the design - Auriol also designed the signs for the Paris Metro.

1906Bournville Cocoa is Launched

At first, Cadbury resisted creating an alkalised cocoa (a product made less bitter by adding harmless carbonate of potash) having emphasised the purity of their own cocoa. But, eventually, the company realised that alkalised cocoa was the future and created Bournville Cocoa.

1908Bournville Chocolate is Launched

Bournville chocolate was launched in 1908. It was named after the Bournville factory where it was made, and was originally launched just as a plain chocolate bar.

1914Fry's Turkish Delight is Launched J.S. Fry & Sons merged with Cadbury in 1919 but the name of the bar remains. Fry’s Turkish Delight - rose-flavoured Turkish delight draped in milk chocolate - is a long-standing favourite.

1915Milk Tray is launched

Boxes of chocolates had been produced at Cadbury since the 1860s. But they were expensive, sold in small quantities and would only have been bought for very special occasions. Milk Tray was different: a chocolate assortment, affordable enough to be an everyday treat.

1919Cadbury purchases Fry's

Cadbury bought Frys in 1919 and the company grew, producing delicous chocolate on a grand scale, so it could be enjoyed by everyone.

1920Cadbury Dairy Milk goes purple

Cadbury Dairy Milk started out in pale mauve with red script, in a continental style 'parcel wrap’ at its launch in 1905. The full Dairy Milk range became purple and gold in 1920.

1920Flake is Launched

The 'crumbliest flakiest chocolate’ was first developed in 1920. A canny Cadbury employee noticed that, when the excess from chocolate moulds was drained off, it fell in a stream and created flaky, folded chocolate.

1921Cadbury script logo first appears

The Cadbury script logo, based on the signature of William Cadbury, appeared first on the transport fleet in 1921. It was quite fussy to start with and has been simplified over the years. It wasn’t until 1952 that it was used across major brands.

1928The 'Glass and a Half' symbol is introduced

It was originally used in 1928 on press and posters, but since then it’s been in TV ads and on wrapper designs, where you can still see it to this day. First of all it was just on Cadbury Dairy Milk, but it’s become the face of the company in recent years.

1928Investment Begins in Cadbury Dairy Milk Ads

A huge success from day one, Cadbury Dairy Milk first hit the shelves in 1905. But surprisingly, little money was put into advertising it until 1928.

1929Crunchie is Launched

A Fry’s product, Crunchie was launched to rival an Australian bar called the Violet Crumble, which first appeared in 1913.

1938Cadbury Roses are Launched

Cadbury Roses were introduced to compete in the twist wrapped assortment market. Early designs incorporated a sampler or embroidery rose design which was later replaced by a simpler rose.

1939King George VI and Queen Elizabeth visit Bournville

Bournville welcomes King George VI and Queen Elizabeth on a tour that formed part of the programme of their visit to Birmingham on March 1st 1939. 10,000 employees lined the route to welcome the King and Queen.

1939Second World War Begins

During the War, rationing was enforced and raw materials were in short supply so it was a question of making do and concentrating on those products they were still able to produce.

1945Post War Expansion

Once the war ended, the company worked hard to restore business as usual. In due course of time, its efforts were rewarded and sales climbed.

1947Milk Tray Bar is Launched

Eight Milk Tray Chocolates, in a bar. Imagine a box of Milk Tray Chocolates. Now imagine picking eight of the most popular chocolates – keeping their distinctive shapes – and putting them in a bar!

1948Fudge is Launched

Launched in 1948, Fudge is most famous for its 1980s and early 1990s advertising jingle 'A finger of fudge is just enough to give your kids a treat’. The words were new, but the tune was borrowed and based on a traditional English folk song, 'The Lincolnshire Poacher’.

1958Lucky Numbers Are Launched

In 1958 Cadbury launched a new assortment of chewy sweets, some covered in chocolate and some not. These Lucky Numbers each had an individual number on the wrapper, hence the name. The brand was retired in 1968.

1960Skippy is Launched

The milk chocolate bar with a caramel and wafer centre launched in 1960, with the slogan ‘It’s got a crunch in the biscuit and a munch in the middle’. A classic 1960s TV ad for Skippy shows a swinging London couple getting off their scooter and going into a trendy coffee bar to pick up their Skippys.

1967Aztec Bar is Launched

Made of milk chocolate, nougatine and caramel, the Aztec made a big impact on its launch in 1967.

1967Toffee Buttons Are Launched

A button-shaped chocolate sweet with toffee inside. Launched in 1967 and withdrawn in 1971. The packs featured brightly coloured cowboys and Indians.

1969Cadbury Merges With Schweppes

The merger happened after the new Cadbury Chairman, Adrian Cadbury, was approached by his opposite number, Lord Watkinson.

1970A decade of sales growth

Many Cadbury brands - Flake, Cadbury Dairy Milk, Whole Nut and Fruit and Nut - saw vast increases in sales in the 1970s, partially due to hugely successful and memorable TV advertising campaigns.

1970Curly Wurly is Launched Curly Wurly, made of chewy caramel covered in milk chocolate, first appeared in 1970.

1970Old Jamaica is Launched

Old Jamaica was a special blend of milk and plain chocolate with rum flavoured raisins. This Cadbury Classic Selection bar is no longer made for the UK market, but you can still stock up on Old Jamaica if you look around on the Internet.

1971Creme Egg is Launched

Cream-filled eggs first appeared back in 1923. But the Cadbury Creme Egg we know and love today didn’t hit the shelves until 1971.

1981Wispa is Launched

Launched nationally in 1983 after a trial run in the North East of England, Wispa was available throughout the 1980s and 1990s and was re-born in 2007.

1985Boost Coconut is Launched

Milk chocolate covered bar with a toasted coconut and caramel centre. A variant of the mighty Boost, this coconut flavour was discontinued in 1994.

1987Twirl is Launched

Twirl was launched in the UK in 1987. The brand was developed by the Cadbury Ireland business using Flake technology. It was originally launched in Ireland in 1985 as a single finger product and became a two-finger product on its UK launch.

1989Inspirations Are Launched

Textured fruit flavoured centres covered in milk, white and dark chocolate. Inspirations launched in 1989, in a carton with sliding drawers. Initially highly successful, it was retired in 1998.

1990Cadbury World Opens

Factory tours had always been popular but it was impossible to run a factory smoothly if it had thousands of visitors. In 1988 Cadbury began planning a visitor attraction to take the place of the factory tours - Cadbury World.

1996Cadbury Fuse is Launched

Fuse exploded into the UK marketplace on ‘Fuesday’ 24th September 1996. It was a chocolate bar with a difference – instead of having a milk chocolate coating on the outside, the yummy ingredients were suspended right the way through it.

2003Cadbury Schweppes Buys Adams and Becomes the World's Leading Confectionery Company

Cadbury bought the world’s number 2 gum manufacturer, Adams, in 2003 and achieved its aim of leading the market.

2008Cadbury and Schweppes Demerge

The two companies demerged to allow each to concentrate on its area of expertise.

2008Cadbury Cocoa Partnership Launched

In January 2008, Cadbury launched the Cadbury Cocoa Partnership. £45 million was put aside to put into cocoa farms in Ghana, India, Indonesia and the Caribbean over a decade.

2009Cadbury Dairy Milk Becomes Fairtrade

The move to Fairtrade has the impact of tripling the sales for cocoa farmers in Ghana under Fairtrade terms, both increasing Fairtrade cocoa sales for existing certified farming groups, as well as opening up new opportunities for thousands more farmers to benefit from the Fairtrade system.

2010Cadbury becomes part of Kraft Foods

Cadbury became part of Kraft Foods family on the 2nd of February 2010.

2012Chocolate centre of excellence opens in Bournville

A new global research and devlopment centre opens in Bournville as part of a £17 million investment in R&D in the UK.

Spots vs. Stripes

At the heart of our Cadbury Spots v Stripes activation is our digital hub www.spotsvstripes.com which uses cutting edge technology to host over 207,000 registered users with over 898,000 points being claimed by consumers. We have over 275,000 Cadbury Spots and Cadbury Stripes Facebook fans and over 9,330 followers across our Twitter accounts.

We want to get the nation in the mood for London 2012 by splitting everyone into two sides Spots and Stripes, and play against each other in our big game.

It doesn’t matter what game you play. Any game counts, from hopscotch to Balloon Bellyflop and everything in between. We’re providing loads of games, challenges and events for you to play, winning prizes and points along the way. You can win points for your own games too. Points are either automatically awarded or claimed online. All points go towards your personal and side’s total scores, with Spots v Stripes scores updated in real time on our scoreboard. Ultimately the side with the most points wins. Although it’s really about rediscovering the joy of playing games!

Schweppes merger (1969)

Cadbury merged with drinks company Schweppes to form Cadbury Schweppes in 1969.
Cadbury Schweppes went on to acquire Sunkist, Canada Dry, Typhoo Tea and more. In the US, Schweppes Beverages was created and the manufacture of Cadbury confectionery brands was licensed to The Hershey Company.
Snapple, Mistic and Stewart's (formerly Cable Car Beverage) were sold by Triarc to Cadbury Schweppes in 2000 for $1.45 billion. In October of that same year, Cadbury Schweppes purchased Royal Crown from Triarc.

Schweppes demerger

In March 2007, it was revealed that Cadbury Schweppes was planning to split its business into two separate entities: one focusing on its main chocolate and confectionery market; the other on its US drinks business. The demerger took effect on 2 May 2008, with the drinks business becoming Dr. Pepper Snapple Group Inc. In December 2008 it was announced that Cadbury was to sell its Australian beverage unit to Asahi Breweries.

Having a lot of information about my subject matter allows me to make an informed decision about what I should include in my document, what is relevant and what is irrelevant.

After going to Cadbury World I found that everything was very creative and recognisable of Cadbury, therefore I wanted to make my publication recognisable too. I found this Mr and Mrs Chuckle Bean, and found that it would influence my design greatly, I found that it was different, fun and tasteful. The colours used are the colours that are constantly used for Cadbury products. The purple and gold work really well together, therefore I will try to include something like that in my publication.

Useful Websites;
I use these websites to find information about Cadbury's also so that I can see how the Cabury website looks, so that I can relate my publication with the theme of the website.

http://www.cadburydairymilk.co.uk/#!/joyville-story

http://www.slideshare.net/josehood/cadbury-advertising

http://www.cadbury.co.uk/

Sunday 5 May 2013

A Brief History Of...Research

Schweppes merger (1969)

Schweppes demerger

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